The World Health Organization (WHO) states that cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, but around 30% to 50% of cancer deaths can actually be prevented by modifying the main risk factors.
Blood Cancer Prevention According to WHO
Although many types of blood cancer (such as leukemia) do not have 100% guaranteed prevention, the WHO emphasizes several lifestyle and environmental measures to minimize the risk:
Avoid Tobacco: Not smoking is the most crucial step, as exposure to the chemicals in cigarettes can trigger DNA damage in blood cells.
Reduce Chemical & Radiation Exposure:
– Minimize contact with industrial chemicals such as benzene and formaldehyde.
– Reduce pesticide exposure in the household and agricultural environment.
– Limit unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation from medical procedures and the workplace.
Healthy Lifestyle: Maintain an ideal body weight, engage in regular physical activity, and consume fiber-rich foods (fruits, vegetables, and whole grains), while limiting processed meats and alcohol.
Early Detection: Undergo regular checkups, such as a complete blood count (CBC), to detect abnormalities in white blood cell or platelet counts early.
Mortality Rate Calculation
Based on the latest global and regional data:
Global Scale (2022): Hematologic malignancies (blood cancers) account for approximately 7.2% of total cancer deaths worldwide.
Specific Prevalence: Specifically for childhood leukemia in Indonesia, it is estimated that there are 2,000–3,200 new cases each year.
WHO predicts that cancer cases in general will increase by more than 75% by 2050 if control measures are not strengthened.